Incandescent oil-lamp.



J. DOORENBOS.

INGANDESGENT OIL LAMP.

unwnmn FILED 0011. 10, 1910. RENEWED um. 25, ms.

1,076,821 Patented 0013.28, 1913.

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J. DOORBNBOS.

INGANDESGEHT OIL LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED 001210, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 25, 1913.

1,076,821 Patented" Oct. 28, 1913.

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INGANDESOENT OIL LAMP.

urmornon FILED OUT. 10, 1910. RENEWED mm. 25, ms. 1,076,821

Patented Oct. 28, 1913.

acozjoorfe J. DOORENBOS.

INGANDESGENT OIL LAMP. APPLICATION Hum 001'. 10, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 25.1013.

Patented Oct. 28, 1913.

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INGANDESCENT OIL-LAMP.

toreeai.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Pntented Uet. ee, rein.

Application filed nc-tuber lG, 1 .910 Serial No. 586,237. Renewed March25, 1913. Serial No. '?hS,799.

To all whom it may com-c221 Be it known that l, zl'aoon Doonnnnos, :1citizen of the United States residing at. Kalamazoo, in the county ofKalamazoo and State of Michigan, have invented a new and usefulimprovement in Incandescent Oil-Lamps, of which the following is a.specification.

My invention relates to improvements in wick-feed oil lamps of the typewherein products of imperfect combustion, generated at or near the wick,are mixed with air and conducted to a mantie-incandescing hurneroutletwhere they are ignited to produce approximately complete combustion.

My object is to provide a lamp this type or" an improred constructionwhich rendersitparticularly easy to start and control, and which, inoperation. will be odorless and render the mantle incandescent substantially throughout.

In the drawings Figure 1 shows my improved lamp in side elevation withthe exposed parts as they appear when the light is extinguished; l 2, afragmentary side eievation of the lamp-burne showing the exposed partsin the positions they should occupy when the wick is to be ignited; Fig.3, a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing the position oi the exposedparts when the flame at the wick is initially heating the burner; Fig.t, an enlarged sectional view of'the lamp with the adjustable featuresin. the position indicated in Fig. 1; Figs. 6, 7', t3 and 9, enlargedbroken sections taken on line in Fig. it, and showing the adjustingfeatures in their (ti-fluent positions; l ig l0, a plain section on line10 in Fig. 7; on Fig. 11, ahreken developed view of the lower part of anouter per feral-ed hurner-tulna,

The lamp-body shown has a base 15,0ha1nbered neclcportion l6. and a tentor oil reservoir 1?, The neck-portion 16 is provided in the positionshown with an annular series of draft-inlet openings 18, and, extendingthrough the font 17 a draft tube 19 opening at its lower end into thechamber formed by the neck 16. ll'lounted on the floor 20 of the font isa center-draft wick-tube 21 on which slides a Wick-engaging sleeve 22connected with the Wick-lift rod 23. The outer wicletube 24 formed witha dripcup 25 and is screwed into the top of the tent 17. The partsdescribed lid zontal shoulder 30 provided with a row ofverdeadly-extending perforations 31. The upper projecting end-portion ofthe dratthead 27 forms a holding-queens :t'or an inner burner-tube 33provided with rows or" perforutions 3t and permanently fitted at its topwith an impertorate cup 3511f the somewhat frusto-conical or taperingform shown in Fig, 4. The numeral 36 designates an outer burnertube orsleeve imperforate along its lower end-portion where it slips over andis thus firmly hut removahly held by the outer wick-tube 2 1. Theburner-tube 36 has a lower annular row of perforations 37 ofcomparatively large size, a second row of perforations 38 of son'iewhatsmaller size, and a number of rows of still smaller perforations 39disposech as indicated, and extending nearly to the top or theburner-tube 23G. Secured to the inner huri'ier-tube 33 are three or morehorizontnl spzicing pins All) which contact with the outer burner-tube36 to steady the two tubes with reference to each other. Preferably inopposite sides ot' the burner-tube 36. in line with the perforations37., are comparatively long; slots ll communicating. as shown in Fig. liwith shorter slots 12 in the plane of the pertorae liens 38. The top ofthe font 1? is formed with an annular bearing-shoulder "l3 around whichfits the lower daring-end of an annular, removable burner-casing 4stconstructed with an upwardly-extending, straight eylindricalportion 4L5surmounted by e cap 46 which fits around the top of the burnertube '36and is formed with an annular shoulder 4-7 and on u wardlylaperingoutlet or nozzle 48. he inner and outer burner-tubes 33, 36, formbetween them an initial combustion and mixing chamber 49 terminating atits upper end in the annular too i gradually-reducing burner outlet 50formed by the concentric parts 35, 48. In opposite sides of the part 45of the burner-casing are igniter-cpenings 51 located exactly oppositethe slots 41, 42 which together form an igniter-opening in the outerburner-tube, approximately on a level with the top of the wi cktub e.

Fitting within and in the part 45 is sleeve 52 to which is fixed ahandle 53 extending out through a slot in the part 45. The said slot hasan inclined portion 54 terminating in an upper shoulder 55, just shortof which is a lower shoulder 56, as shown most plainly in Fig. 1. In themovement of the handle 53 from the position shown in Fig. 1, to thepositions shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the sleeve 52 is turned and raised. Inthe lower part of the sleeve 52 at opposite sides,are openings 57, twoof sliding contact with which, when the handle 53 is raised to the topof the slot 54, register exactly with the openings 51 in the.burner-casing. The sleeve 52 closes the-openings 51 when the handle 53is lowered to the position indicated in Fig. 1, and uncovers theopenings 51 as the handle is raised to the upper end of the slot 54. Thesleeve 52 at its-lower end-portion carries an inwardly-projecting ring58 to which is secured an inner sleeve 59, of the damper-device, fittingloosely around the outer burner-tube 36. In the sleeve 59,"about midwayof its length, is an annular series of openings 60.

Fitting removably over the top of the burner-casing against the shoulder47 is a chimne -gallery 61 having an annular row of dra t-openings 62 inthe position shown, and receiving the chimney 63; and fitting removablyupon the nozzle-portion 48 of the burner-casing is a supporting-frame 64for a mantle 65.

When the adjusting features of the lamp are, as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and5, the light is extinguished. The openings 51 are closed, the wick 26 islowered, and .the openings 60 of the sleeve 59 are below and out ofregister with the lower openings of the outer burner-tube, which arethus shut ofi or closed by To light the lamp the handle 53 is raisedalong the slot 54 to rest upon the shoulder 56, and the wick 26 israised from the position shown in Fig. 5 to that shown in Fig. 6,whereby its top is in the plane of the row of openings 37 in the outerburner-tube. A lighted match may then be-passed through one of theigniteropenings 51 of the casing and adjacent slot or i itercpening41-42 in theou'ter burner-tn e to ignite the oil at the top of the wick.The damper-device is caused to remain in this position to permit air topass to the wick through the elongated slots 41 and large openings 37,thereby causa damper-device having a up the upper part of the sleeve 59.

in the flameto creep rapidly around the.

wihk. As soon as he sees that'the flame encircles the wick the operatorshould raise the handle 53 from the shoulder 56 to the shoulder 55,which causes the inner sleeve 59 of the damper, to shut ofl the lowerperforations 37 and the slots 41. It is to be remarked that when theparts are in the position shown in Fig. 6, which is the ignitingosition, air to support combustion enters through the center draft orinner wick-tube 21, and plays against thetop of the wick from the innerside while air through the slots 41 and openings 37 plays against thewick from the outer side. As before stated, this causes the flame tocreep with great rapidity around the wick while if the handle 53 wereraised to the shoulder 55 before the wick is ignited the closing of theslots 41 and openings 37 would greatly retard the creeping of the flame.It will be seen that the outer diameter of the wick 26' approximates theinner diameter of 'the outer burner-tube 36, and the natural swelling ofthe wick, as it is raised above the wick-tube, causes it to slide incontact with or very close to the inner surface of the outer burner-tube36. c

When the oil is ignited all around the top of the wick and the handle 53is moved to the shoulder 55 the parts are in the position indicated inFig. 7, causing the air from the center draft-tube 21 to play againstthe flame through the openings 29, with the result of raisin the flameabove'the wick to prevent furt er charring of the latter. While theparts are in this position the combustion in the lower willbeapproximately perfect and odorless, and is maintained for a periodsufficiently prolonged to heat the structure to the de-.

sired degree. This necessary preliminary heating will, in practice, beeffected, under ordinary circumstances, in less than a minutes time,after which the operator raises the wick by means of the wick-lift 23 tothe position indicated in Fig. 8, applies a match to the top ofthechimney, and then slides the handle 53 down the slot 54, causing thesleeve52 of the damper to close theopenings 51 and moving the sleeve 59to the position shown in Figs. 4 and 9. When the damper is inthisposition the slots 41, 42, openings 37, 38 and lower row or two ofopenings '39 in the outer burner-tube are closed and the entrance of airinto the chains her 49 to support combustion at the wick is altogetherthrough the openings 39 of the outer tube 36 and openings- 34-01? theinner tube 33, as well as the vertical openings 31. The heat from thetube 36 and the heat alsoradiated from other parts of the burner againstthe wick produces vaporization of oil faster than its combustion can besupported by the draft, and the vapor part ofthe chamber 40 Elli lli

inaaaai rises in the chamber 4-9 through the burneroutlet and plays intothe mantle. When the match is applied to the top of the chim ney itignites the vapor rising through the mantle, and the consequentcombustion ren ders the mantle incandescent.

i hile the lamp is burning and rendering the illun'tle incandescent, thecenter draft, through the openings 31, will tend to crowd theWit-inflame to the Wall of the outer burner-tube to maintain the heat ofthe latter, wliirh. as it is conducted down along the outer surface ofthe Wicln'gasiiies the oil. But little air can enter to the Wick throughthe outer burner-tube below the top of the valve 59, but the draftthrough openings 31 will be sutlicient to properly aid in support ingcombustion at the Wick. In fact, the wick-dame will, in practice, berather high up in the chamber 4-9. and, therefore, riently remote fromthe Wick to prevent charring thereof. The perforations 34, 39, as theyare provided, admit sutlicicnt air to mingle with the vapor in thechamber -19 to cause, with the draft through the openings (32, completecombustion at the nozzle or lmrner-opening 48. The openings 18 and (32,through which all air to support combus-v tion enters. extend entirelyaround the structure, so that outside air-currents Will have no materialeitect upon the steadiness of the light; and as all the air enteringthrough the draftopenings 18 passes through a prolonged heated coursebefore reaching the lmrner-opening 48, a, strong enough draft isproduced to cause the flame from the burner-- opening to play withnecessary force into the mantle to render the latter-incandescentsubstantially throughout.

The upwardly discharging draftopenings 31 perform an important part inthe opera tion of the burner. In. order that the Wick shall not char tooreadily and become crusty, it should be maintained out of physical contact with the hot wall presented by the in ner burner tube This innerburner tube, as shown, is smaller in diameter than the inner WZlClZ-illbQ1, and the outer burner-tube :36 is preferably larger in diameter thanthe outer wick-tube to the extent of the thickness of the latter. Thenatural swelling of the Wick above the wick-tubes tends, as stated, tocause slight contact of the Wick with the outer burnentube, whereby Whenthe Wick is raised there will be some direct conductivity of heat fromthe outer burner tube to the Wick to aid in gasit'ying the oil. Thiscontact between the wick and outer burner-tube should, in practice, heveryslight or gentle to prevent the wiclr from charring materially atits outer side and becoming stuck to the outer burner-tube. Theconductivity and radiation of heatfrom the outer burner-tube and theradiation of heat from the inner burner-tube would not be suilicient, inpractice, to gasity the oil in the wick with the desired rapidity.

The annular concavity surrounding the draft-head :27 torms,with thewick, a vaporgeueraling chamber, and the vapor generated thereinis mixedwith air entering the lower perforations 29 in the draft head, andcarried out through the upper perforations 2t). The gas and air mixtureis carried by the center draft through the vertical perforations 31 intothe lower end of the mixing chamber. While the wich is raised to thepirsitiou shown in Fig. 5 and the lamp is burning and rendering themantle incandescent, the mixture from the said annulargenerating-chamber in the draft-head is ignited at the openings 31producing an an nular series of more or less minute flames in theannular Space between the inner burner tube 32.1 and the raised wick.llhese minute flames supply a large portion of the heat necessary forproperly gasirtyinp; the oil ted by the trick.

The size of the flame and intensity of the light are governed by theheight of the wick, up to a point where too much Wick-exposure wouldcause crowding and consequent imperfect combustion in the mantle. In thewick-lift I employ, the rod 93 screws into a socket piece 68 on an arm69 carried by the wicleengaging sleeve 22, and is also provided with acollar or stop 70. The rod 23 may beadjusted in the seelret 68 so thatthe stop 70 will contact With the upper Wall of the font when the Wickreaches the heightoi greatest elliciency, and as the Wick becomesshorter in use the adjustment may be changed as required by merelyturning the rod to lower it in the socket 68.

ishen "wick-teed lamp is not in use oil drawn from the font by the Wickovertlows to a more or less extent over the outer Wick tube, which makesit desirable to provide the.

drip-cup 25 When, in practice, the burner is being initially heated, asdescribed, the heat conducted down the outer Wiclctuhe would tend tovaporize the oil adhering to its outer-surface and present in thedripcup. if this vapor were permitted to rise in the casing anddischarge through the burneroutlet 50 before the step of igniting themixture at said outlet, the vapor would cause a disagreeable odor, whichit IS desirable to, avoid, or even ignite 1n the casing with anexplosive force suiticient to injure the man tle. This difficulty isovercome in the present construction by causing the damper-device 59;,58, 59, to close the annular passage through the casing, about the outerburnertube 36, when the damper-device is raised for the initial heatingot the burner, as shown in Fig. l.

l ihile I prefer to construct my improvements as shown and described,they may be variously modified in the matter at details &

of construction without departing from the spirit of my inventions asdefined by the claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the outerwick-tube, of a surrounding burner-casing, an outer perforatedburner-tube in the casing above said wick-tube having a plurality ofcombined igniter and draft openings in its lower part in a plane abovethe wick-tube, a damperde ice sliding upon said burner-tube andadjustable thereon to the positions of uncovering, partly covering andcovering said openings, and means for holding said damperdevice in itssaid positions, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a lamp of the the combination with the outer wiclr-tube, of asurrounding burner-casing, an outer perforated burner-tube in the casingabove said wick-tube, having a plurality of combined igniter and draftopenings in its lower part in a plane above the wick-tube, a damperdevice sliding upon said burner-tube and adjustable from the outside ofthe casing to the positions of uncovering, partly covering and coveringsaid openings, and means for holding said damper device in its saidpositions, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the outerwick-tube, of a surrounding burner-casing having an igniter-opening, anouter, perforated burnertube in the casing above said wick-tube having aplurality of igniter and draft-openings in its lower part, and adamper-device sliding against said burner-tube and casing andadjustable, from the outside of the casing, to the positions ofuncovering, partly covering, and covering said burnertube openings, andof uncovering and covering: said igniteropening in the casing,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the outerwick-tube, of a surrounding burner-casing having an igniter-opening, anouter, perforated burnertube in the casing above said wick-tube having aplurality of igniter and draft-openings in its lower part, adamper-device sliding against said burner-tube and casing andadjustable, from the outside of the casing, to the positions ofuncovering, partly covering, and covering said burner-tube openings, andof uncovering and covering said igniteropening in the casing, and meansfor holding the damper-device in each of said positions of adjustment.

5. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the font,of an inner, cylindrical, center-draft wicktube, an outer wick-tube, aninner, perforated burnertube above the inner wick-tube closed at itsupper character described,

end, an outer "perforated burner-tube above the outer wick-tube open atits upper end, and a normally closed burner-casing surrounding theburner-tubes, said burner-tubes forming between them an annular initialcombustion and mixing chamber and a reduced inwardly-convergin annularoutlet at the upper end of the c amber, and said casing forming an outerdraft-tube discharging into said mixing-chamber through the perforationsin the outer burner-tube.

6. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with the baseand font, of an inner, cylindrical center-draft wick-tube, an outerwick-tube, an inner, perforated burner-tube above the inner wick-tubeclosed at its upper end, an outer, perforated burnertube above the outerwick-tube open at its upper end, and a normally closed burner-casingsurrounding the burner-tubes, said burnertubes forming between them anannular initial combustion and mixing chamber and a reducedinwardly-converging annular outlet at the upper end of the chamber, andsaid casing forming an outer draft-tube discharging into saidmixing-chamber through the perforations in the outer burner-tube, theinner and outer drafts to support combus tion in the mixing chamberentering altogether through said base of the lamp.

7. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with thecenter-draft inner wick-tube, outer wiclrtube and annular raising andlowering wick therein, of an outer burner-tube above the outerwick-tube, an inner burner-tube above and of smaller diameter than theinner wick-tube, and a perforated draft-head on the inner wick-tubeprovided with an annular circumferential concavity forming with the wicka vaporgenerating chamber and having an inwardly-extending flangejoining the inner burner-tube and provided with an annular series ofupwardly-discharging draft-openings located between the innerburner-tube and the path of the wick, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth;

8. In a lamp of the character described, the outer burner-tube having alower row of relatively large draft-openings, a second row of somewhatsmaller draft-openings, and a plurality of still smaller draft-openingsabove said rows, and an annular damper surrounding said burner-tube andadjustable from the outside of the lamp to open and successively closesaid rows of openings, as

and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a lamp 'of the character described, the combination with theburner-casing, inner and outer wick-tubes, and inner and outerperforated burner-tubes above the wick-tubes, of-a draft-passage fordirecting a center-draft upward through the inner wick-tube, adraft-passage for directing an outer-draft upward around the outerwicktube, both of said drafts entering through the base of the lamp, andmeans operating to shut OK the said 0uter-draft when the burner partsare in their initial-heating position, for the purpose set forth.

'10. in a lamp of the character described, the combination of aburner-casing, inner and outer Wick-tubes, an inner perforatedburner-tube above the inner Wick-tube, an outer perforated burner-tubehaving igniter and lower draft openings, a draft-passage for directing acenter-draft upward through the inner Wick-tube, a draft-passage fordirecting an outer-draft upward around the outer Wick-tube, both of saiddrafts entering through the base of the lamp, a burnercasing surroundingsaid outer burnentube and having an igniter-opening, and a dampendevioeadjustable from the outside of said casin to open and close said igniteropening in the casing and said igniter and draft openings in the outerburner-tube, and to close the said outer-draft when the burner parts arein their initial-heating position, for the purpose setforth.

JACOB DOORENBUS. In the presence (if- ARTHUR C. Snow; EDWIN W. VosBURG.

